Physical distancing mandates during the pandemic accelerated the development of health care access, especially internet-based health services.
With 93% of Americans using the internet regularly, these digital options were well-positioned for expansion. Between 96 and 99% of those between age 18 and 64 are regular internet users, suggesting that most working-age individuals are highly familiar with web-based technologies.
In addition to fewer in-person office visits, changes to reimbursement policies early in the pandemic paved the way for a digital expansion. Policy changes occurred at the state and federal levels. Restrictions on reimbursement were relaxed to allow for the rapid uptake of telehealth. For instance, some services were previously required to be face-to-face for reimbursement, but in many cases, virtual consultations are now allowed instead. These expanded options help to meet growing needs, such as telehealth counseling for substance abuse issues and for obtaining prescriptions without previous in-person visits.
Other notable policy changes to health care access made it easier to use common apps to communicate with providers. This reflects a growing list of options for accepted virtual technologies, with video options such as Skype, Zoom, Google Hangouts video, Facebook messenger chat, and Apple FaceTime.
Texting also became more common as a form of communication between healthcare providers and patients. Options now include texting via Signal, Facebook messenger and others. The level of connection that qualifies for insurance reimbursement was also adjusted to reduce barriers to health-care access. Many telehealth services no longer require both audio and video contact between patients and providers, so visits can now take place through a simple phone call. These policy adjustments are important because video communications rely on higher internet speeds. This feature is often lacking in lower-income households and among the elderly.
The popularity of digital health services makes it seem as though all options are here to stay. Many agencies have left the door open for potential reversals of their adjustments, based on when the public health emergency of COVID-19 passes. The original expiration date for policy changes was set for late October of 2021, but governors are likely to extend policy changes until COVID hospitalizations no longer strain the healthcare system.
Although the exact list of enduring policies remains unclear, one area projected to retain popularity is internet-based communications. This option may keep some infectious individuals out of waiting rooms, reducing the spread of viruses and bacteria. It also enables on-site assistance that connects to physicians working remotely. Examples of positive findings include reports that emergency departments that adopt telemedicine consults (between physicians and between providers and patients) significantly reduce wait times and average lengths of stay. Surveys suggest that the user experience benefits from telehealth, with almost 80% reporting satisfaction with their switch to virtual care during the pandemic.
Although telemedicine is here to stay, privacy regulations may tighten in the future. HIPAA-level compliance was not a top priority as telemedicine options expanded during the pandemic. In addition to protecting patient data, this is an important step in scaling video visits. Skype and FaceTime have been “a little bit cumbersome” according to healthcare administrators. Because they do not integrate fully within a health system’s infrastructure. On the other hand, providers are eager to retain remote patient monitoring options because they demonstrate a high rate of success in reducing hospital re-admissions.
Another area of success expected to continue post-pandemic includes digital options for mental health support. The rising prevalence of stress-related disorders like depression and anxiety has lead to more interest in science-backed resources. Digital offerings such as self-assessments, screenings, educational materials and skill-building practices help users learn about themselves and explore their options.
One reason why this has boomed is because those with mental health concerns often fear stigmatization. They also place a higher value on anonymity. Plus, digital options for mental health are flexible. The accommodate remote work, travel, and in many cases, can be accessed 24/7.
As mindfulness reaches the mainstream, a flood of mental health apps have hit the market. There are upwards of 20,000 mental health applications available, yet only two (Headspace and Calm) account for 90% of use. This is perhaps not surprising, given their impressive marketing efforts. For example, in the first six months of 2020, Calm spent more than $12.6 million on ads excluding social media.
Taken all together, an impressive array of health advancements have been accelerated by the pandemic. As we transition to a new post-pandemic era, let’s keep the best aspects of the digital health acceleration. We’ll work together to continue to improve to provide a greater continuity and quality of care.
As Treo’s Global Wellness Researcher, Karlie uses recent research findings to support healthier daily habits. Karlie earned her doctorate in Neuroscience and Behavior and bachelors in Health and Exercise Science.
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